Some forms of Slavic pagan wedding favorably to the «classic» medieval Russian wedding that more accurately reflect the current prevailing gender relations: partners in most cases themselves, without the help of parents, find each other, living together is possible and before the official ceremony, sometimes organize weddings and be paid by the individuals not go, not their relatives, etc.
All these facts were reported in the pagan Slavs, for example, «the period of the great migration of peoples,» the older generation had their historic homeland, and energetic young people to master new territory and, therefore, very happy with my personal life. Of course, there were Slavs and weddings, arranged by relatives spouses, with matchmaking, bride, etc. However, this kind of marriage was only a special case of events, which for some reason in the Middle Ages became dominant, numb and now often presented to us as a model of morality of our ancestors, different from that of dating and cohabitation «present terrible youth.»
In my opinion, modern forms of placement of privacy is breaking the principles and traditions of damage, but the intuitive appeal to the roots in the changed social conditions. Paganism is flexible and durable than — and so valuable.
Information about the Slavic pagan wedding ceremonies, we draw from the few written communications, data excavations (we know that people of reproductive age were buried in the top, so the wedding along with the appropriate inventory), but the wealth of material gives us the folklore: stories, songs, sayings, which seemed to brighten colors meager chronicle evidence. Based on these «three pillars» and the suggested below Uryadov wedding that does not imitate what is not in our personal lives (eg, bride, matchmaking without the consent of the bride and groom), but sakraliziruet realities of our time and the most accurate approach to modern life .
The best time for weddings in the Slavs were considered spring (ravine) and part of the summer (the growing period of the Sun), in New Moon, but taken into account and the following facts: the farmers were more convenient to play the wedding after the harvest, the soldiers — after a victorious campaign, the fishermen after a successful fishing season , pastoralists after calving, that is, during periods of peak abundance.
In the same way, and now is a good wedding is expensive, handles any favorable time of year, when there is money on it.
At present, the wedding ceremony fell one of the most important elements of this sacred occasion — bestowing guests bride and groom. Today the wedding is a success, if the aggregate value of gifts from guests about equal to the cost of their meal, which is not traditional.
As in the Old Slavonic, and in medieval Russian wedding bore the brunt of the costs of family spouses and guests (also relatives, but far) not only helped themselves «to spoil», but repeatedly gave gifts during wedding bride, groom and their families. Not only is there poslesvadebny custom «otdarki.» After the wedding presents guests were evaluated, and the couple, causing visits relatives, had to do otdarok more than the gift itself. On the other hand, gifts to guests many times, from the modern point of view, bring into being the trivia: monetary fines, handkerchiefs, belts, towels, dolls, etc. Of course, this was not casual, almost all otdarki bride and the groom’s mother did themselves for a few pre-wedding years. In this way, the new «unit of society» not only showed their worth and independence, but as it is stated to friends and distant relatives of the desire to join the circle of people. These were some associations, which have been simplified in cash payments («our people — are numbered!»), There was solidarity, mutual responsibility.
The concept of «their people» familiar to us, but now some vague criteria: the one you think you own, you do not always meet the same, but in the old days and otdarki gifts were a way of verifying the status of the mutual «friend.» Today we will take a walk to a friend’s wedding and giving it a decent gift, do not feel obligated to help the young family in the future, but mastered traditional wedding, where guests agreed to come, gave and received during the festival numerous gifts from the bride and groom, entailed the emergence of a certain mutual debt (reciprocity). Currently, restoration of such unwritten rules of horizontal connections between people is very timely, and correct what he did the wedding will be a step in the right direction.
Any wedding, ancient, medieval or modern, consists of at least three parts, each of which may include a variety of rituals, order and form of which vary according to the different circumstances:
I Predvenchalnaya (dating, courting, courtship, conspiracy, rukobite, sauna, Hen party, filing in Registry Office, etc.).
Wedding II (in temple, the temple, registration in registry office).
III Rites after the wedding (banquet, wedding night, razuvanie, povoy, difficult task, gifts and otdarki, visiting relatives, etc.).
Slavic pagan rites relating to the first part of the wedding, little known to the general public, as no systematic, their descriptions are scattered over a large number of sources. The following will be said about them in detail. Some difficulty may be the fact that the Slavic pre-wedding action, in particular, the introduction or reduction of couples have many ritual options, the choice of which should be done by the Brac, depending on the actual state of things, that is, for each specific wedding is your Uryadov. Careful adherence points and links easier to find the desired path.
All of the following songs, proverbs and sentences can be replaced by other appropriate situations folklore texts.
In brackets the serial number of the source of the list of references (see below), followed by the page or the serial number of the text.
Part I
I.1. «Frets on the Water.»
«Chronicle», the twelfth century: «… and radzimichy and vyatichi and north have one custom … agree merrymaking, plyasaniya on and on … the song, and that abduct the wife herself, who consulted with her.» This behavior was not promiscuity, but a ritual based on the principle of «how did the gods, so do we.» For example, in the folklore of the South Slavs remained mythological songs of marriage Sun. It steals any maidens directly from ritual swing during celebrations on St George’s Day (Yarily vernal).
Eastern Slavs spring and summer youth gathering took place mostly on the high banks of the river were called, according to some sources, «frets the water.» Annals does not describe in detail how the free choice of partners in the merrymaking. But we can learn it from folklore, in particular, of the songs and fairy tales, in which the fateful meetings occur in water bodies.
There are several possible outcomes from which to choose your most appropriate to the real, current situation dating spouses.
Playing the selected option «dating» partners in the wedding, of course, is an imitation, but not a lie. But if the couple come together and having lived in a marriage without asking the consent of relatives, decided to play a pagan wedding in the medieval version, mimicking the suit, request hand girl from her parents — is a lie before the Gods.
Of course, if the bride and groom chose the parents (and sometimes is), Uryadov Slavic wedding should be made according to this precarious situation now, and he is well known for numerous descriptions of weddings XVI-XX centuries. We detail the ways of traditional Slavic free choice of partners and the story of the ritual to the gods of the event during the wedding.
1) «Get a wreath.» For playing a few weddings at the same time. Girls weave wreaths (each with two) Waterfront with songs the season. Those who wish to get married cast their wreaths into the water, saying:
And in the meadows, the girls walked Luzhkov, uh-oh, the girls walked.
The girls were walking, flowers were collected,
Flowers collected yes wreaths Wiley,
Wreaths Willie, the Danube allowed.
Who would get my wreath — that I will be (13. S. 52, № 13. C notes. Text adapted).
Well done, watching what is happening at a distance, throw themselves into the water, take out the wreaths and lay them on the heads of your loved ones, in turn, their second crown guys wreath. From now on, a couple is considered converged. After that, the guy at the right hand accompanies the darling of the «standard bride» or «groom camp» — a specially designated place (tent, fence), if the wedding immediately following the betrothal, or directly home if the rest of the wedding will happen in the next day. In the latter case, for the attention of a couple of very important to immediately go home on that day, not to participate in any more ceremonies. Next, see I.2, on the situation: Option «A couple at the time of marriage is living separately» or option «at the time of the marriage couple live together.»
2) «Steal the shirt.» Girl in a shirt-dolgorukavkah (or other clothing, or other simulated swan wings) run out, waving arms, on the waterfront, stripped (to the best of his courage), put your clothes together in groups and individual into the water, where frolic heap (not spread out in all directions!). Tales describe the behavior of girls in the river as «hovering spevayuchi», «splash, sing songs,» «steel wash-belitsya» (here «belitsya» means washing). At this time, the guy who came before the starting position in the bushes, behind a tree, in the hollow, etc., indicated a magician or sorcerer (in fairy tales — «old grandpa», «Juraj holy», «Baba-Yaga»), secretly steals clothes he liked girls and hides again. Girls come ashore, dress up and not paying attention to is searching clothes girlfriend, «fly away.» The rest she utters the sacred text: «Who took my shirt off, answer me!» — Silence (three times). «If you’re old man, be my father if small — be my brother, if I match — be my betrothed!». Well done goes out and takes her hand in his camp, and then a wedding going on, or directly home (not participating in any more events of this day) to the song:
Ducks swimming in the sea, swimming, showering, swimming. I!
Otkel took drake
All ducks dispersed,
A duck to his take.
Girls walking in the street,
Otkel come from (name).
He broke up all the girls,
One (name) to his take. (13. Pp. 95, № 110, pp. 96, № 111 with notes, text adapted).
Next, see I.2, option «A couple at the time of marriage, living together.»
3) «Samobranka» or «bold bride.» The girl herself, or through proxies, does offer the guy again with water (spring tide): The Bologna bottled water, the girl to guy she stuffed … (Here «fill» is not of a negative tone, but speaks of her smartness, of that it is «penetration»).
Or:
Water poured through a meadow, oh yes Lely, Lely, bottled.
Dad daughter packed:
You arrive, arrive, a young (name)
You take it, take it (girl’s name)
You take her right ruchenki,
You’ve been together are,
About you people already nasudilisya. (13. Pp. 95 № 110, № 111 S. 96 with notes, texts adapted).
Betrothal rings with the consent of the parties, then — in the circumstances the options «couple lives together,» or «The couple lives separately.»
Weddings warm season fit the spring-summer wedding songs with symbolism: of brewing, the Bees, about ducks, goats, guessing, given partner of the opposite sex, etc.
In the winter, when bathing is not possible, use options:
4) «I’m standing on the pebbles.» A girl stands on a rock by the river (or on the high bank, mound, stump, any elevation), her friends sing:
Early in the morning at dawn, Twitter ptashechka the sea, by the sea — White pebble.
And on the rock (girl’s name) is, the native priest (or any relative, friend) says:
«Take me with a stone!» Do not spare her father, does not remove from Bela Stone, past the river bank goes.
Early in the morning at dawn, Twitter ptashechka the sea, by the sea — White pebble.
And on the rock (girl’s name) is worth it (nice name) says, «Take me with a stone!»
V (nice name) many Silushka, removed it from its stone milushku, led to a high tower (1. S. 432, № 578, the text is adapted).
Action on the text. Betrothed girl removes the stone. Exchange of rings, then the circumstances of living.
5) «The Wolf’s wedding.» Was the name of the wedding and was getting in January — February, but the wolves began to «play tricks» from the date of Perun, and a number of High Holidays is a Slavic name «wolf days». The groom and his entourage, obryazhennye in wolf skins, after loudly povyv away, runs into the crowd of participants (at the hole, the well), and, seizing the object of his passion, puts her over his shoulder and carries home. The crowd whistled and after tossing snowballs and sticks. The girls sing before and after the kidnapping:
Kozushka Belonogov on hill walking,
Teasing, teasing her gray wolf
«Volchushka, gray! Well I do not I fear,
Well I do not I fear, buried in the bush. «
Not vzgadala Well yes and kozushka that morning will be:
Legs here, the horns here, most do not have a goat.
Girls in red Luzhkov walked,
Luzhkov walked in, the guys sings.
Tease (name bride) (name of the groom)
«(The name of the groom), I’m not you I fear, in the tower buried.»
Not vzgadala (name bride) that morning will be:
Tape here, a belt here, no girls! (1. S. 458, № 612).
Interestingly, in ancient India, there were nine different ways of marriage, including the marriage of «Rakshasa», similar to the described. Such actions are considered rude by marriage (not unlawful cohabitation) with the minimum of ritual actions. For example, in the story «Snotty Goat ‘eponymous character takes on the horns of a girl from the porch of his home, and immediately — the loft. In the morning his servant delicately awaken young, standing at the door: «No time to sleep, time to get up, it’s time for revenge chamber, the dirt on the street to bear!» This is a call to perform the ritual «test young», which included different tasks — fetching water with a sieve, Sweeping deliberately clog up the floor, etc. This episode allows us to consider the stolen girl wife, not a concubine kidnapper. In the same way, and we can play a «wolf wedding» that is, a wedding-abduction by the minimum and the maximum can and scenario (see below).
Next version of «A couple at the time of marriage, living together.»
I.2. Fees.
Organized two camps (camps, phratry, tent) — bride and groom. Each camp is covered table: towels, bread and salt, drink, nuts, candy, corn, grain candle. Desirable bread is baked at home with ceremonial songs (see below). Appointed planted parents (they do not go to temple) and poezzhane (tysyatsky, karavaynitsy, steward, boyfriend, matchmaker — entourage accompanying the couple on the way).
Option «A couple at the time of marriage, lives alone.»
In the camp of the bride.
1) Hen. Manufacturing of the bride and bridesmaids wreaths for the groom, the bride (the most beautiful) and to all guests. In Russian medieval wedding wreath was only the bride as a symbol of «girlish beauty» and is often replaced by decorated Christmas tree. In ancient times, flowers and wreaths are labeled all participants celebration dresses the bride and groom stood only a lush decor in a dual faith wedding «flower orgy,» decoration floral charms participants in some local traditions greatly reduced. In the cold season may wreaths of feathers, decorated with ribbons and stuff. As guardian to weave wreaths onion and garlic (15. Pp. 141-142).
If the bride and groom before the meeting was a virgin, or is it the time of marriage, and finds it possible to report this to the world, the modern pagans can not fail to note this is not mandatory, but a pleasant fact for special rituals. For example, a bride, a special protected area, before going on to the temple and temple covers father planted opaque veil, which removes the feast planted tysyatsky father or the groom (bare hands and a whip, arrow, cue). In such cases, the most magnificent wedding copes way, the bride dressed up in all shades of red, glorification glorify endlessly showered with grain, the feast has a huge number of dishes from chicken.
2) Washing. Made by women in any secluded «place of power»: bath, under a linden, birch, rowan, on a stone at the river, etc.
Sup, sup, sup, silver Voditsa,
Vodice is on the throne, the capital,
Enthroned lepaya girl —
Silky hair, darling beauty,
Golden hands on ramen (forearm),
Silver feet on the knee! (4, v. 1. S. 44. Serbia. Alternatively, see below).
3) Combing the hair. Sometimes this ritual called «unwound spit», but sacred action here is not so much unwound as carding comb, especially since most of today’s brides do not braid. Bridal wreath decoration. If desired — a ritual painting, for example, the point on the forehead or face the bride at the South Slavs protected her from the evil eye (15. 125). Sometimes scratching ritual occurs after arrival of the bride and groom gifts they crest. In this case, after washing the bride finally comb head and do not decorate, saying, «Will you come Khol, bring a comb …».
4) Wait for the bride groom. Alarming, with the shedding of tears and complaints. Married girlfriend console «adding fuel to the fire,» painted difficulty adjusting to a joint home, the new family. There is a sign: many tears spill before the wedding, so they will not translate after.
In the camp of the groom.
1) Bachelor Party. The groom and his squad mentally and physically prepare for the trip to the camp of the bride. Experienced a parting word Bratina. Obscene allusions and jokes.
2) Washing. Produced by older women in any secluded «place of power»: the bath, under the oak, ash, under the roots of a fallen tree on a rock by the river, etc.
Zamora was grandmother, carrying a bucket of health
Besides, these things a little bit, you at the wedding — all bucket! (Spray and okatyvanie) (4, v. 3. S. 63).
You wash Fractional rains,
You scratch winds boisterous! (4, T. 2. S. 387. Other options, see below.)
3) Combing hair.
That is not white cheese in butter crumbles
Not rosy apple on saucer skates
To (name of groom) is going to marry.
His svashenka equips,
Empress spodoblyaet,
Comb hair comb.
He punishes sayings:
You’ll go, (name of the groom), get married,
To red darling damsel
Honest to her parents.
You know how to say a word to people,
His vezhestvom seem! (3. № № 3-9).
4) Train the gate bride. With noise, din, ominously. Perhaps the «horses», that is riding each other. Ritual barriers (locked gate, live «wall» and others). Example: «All of a sudden the noise gate but cry. Music plays, horses neighing, whips snap — it Radoslav squad for the bride arrived. Girlfriend threw wreaths weave ceased to sing, dance, run to the gate. And, as the ancient custom commands, Radoslav the gate drive off. They do not want to give Radun. Groomsman groom outside the gates chanting, «opens the door wide a minute, we take a look at the bride hunt. Strong locks unlock. Give the bride to the groom! «A girlfriend chorus in response:» Marriage is our girl does not want to let it still seems like a wreath, do not come, it is time, go away from our yard! «Again pals singing» Better Open, and not the sword we gates in a flash chips excised! «Radunia sitting alone in his chamber. Hears songs and smiles. Knows that the gates are not locked, just stick laid. Pushes the horse face, and they open wide. Vedet squad groom the yard with a shout, with the noise, as if the enemy broke into the castle. A girlfriend will be alarmed and screeched to Radun rush. Then it’s time to hand out and wreaths. A wreath naplela they girlfriends — do not count! All the walls are hung with. The most beautiful — guelder rose. Interwoven with gold thread, silver studded with sequins — to rush in. beloved groom … pals into the room with the song: «The horses we rode greyhounds, we broke down the gate strong, a message from the girl Udaltsov: Do you naplela wreaths for us? ‘» (Polish tale. 16 . pp. 220 ff. Poetic texts in my paraphrase).
I.3. Challenges to the groom.
a) Find the bride. Broke into the tent, the groom allegorically requires the issuance bride («marten», «gornostayki», «heifer»). They answered him, saying, we have a lot of them, choose what is yours, and the conclusion of several females, from head to toe veiled. The groom has to find narrowing from three times. It is desirable to hide under the covers of old and small, so that when an error groom was funnier.
b) Enigma. Guessing bridesmaid. Guesses the groom, silently pointing to objects, shows his «vezhestvo»:
Did you find her betrothed, shows heart prompted, but how do you reason with a mind-things? Zagadannuyu zagadochku, maiden peregudochku:
What do we have in the bright red like a sun parlor? («Red Corner», a shrine Churami.)
What we have in light Svetlitsa round like a full month? (Karavay.)
Who in the mansion like frequent Sprockets? (Mother and bridesmaids.)
I.4. Mutual bestowing narrowing. An important ritual complex with erotic symbolism, from which a medieval wedding, leaving only scattered fragments.
a) Giving a comb and other personal care items (mirror, blush) bride groom a cheer: «I came Khol, brought the comb!». In the future it is this ridge is a joint carding young. Now they have to nurture and groom each other.
b) The gift of shoes. Offered to the groom sitting bride couple of new shoes, puts it, wrapped in a towel on the table with the words:
Do not go barefooted in the yard dew
Here’s to the legs of the new boots,
Bound in heels, heels under the rouge! (3. № 91).
The bride takes the gift with gratitude, stands up, takes it off the table, sits down, and she change shoes. Next, in Part III, a mutual razuvanie. Usually barefoot associated with poverty, but in the old days were, and bare feet erotic symbol. Protector of human love Yarylo presented barefoot. Giving shoes bride, the groom makes his chosen richer and claims her girlish sexuality, which now belongs to him alone. When a marriage bed razuvaniya this sexuality is a world in all its might.
c) The gift of clothing. In the same manner and with the same symbolism of nudity and poverty elimination, claiming their right to sexual and financial situation of the partner by turning down a loved one dress Charm made with their own hands, the bride gives the groom a shirt or belt or other object.
I.5. Blessing loaf and churami. Produced planted parents couple standing, heads down, or kneeling.
I.6. Train on the temple. Oberezhnye action pals, matchmaker, tysyatskogo (cracking the whip, Metheny, swinging his ax, and others). Loaves of the bride and groom hand solemnly bear with me.
Option «A couple at the time of marriage living together.»
This option uses including weddings already registered couples, couples with children. In this case, individuals not go, it was the «groom» and «bride», as the face of the Gods wedding has not taken place.
The bride and groom are together in the camp or that, in the circumstances of the real living. Tent door closed (can symbolically). The opposite side, for example, the bride, if the couple lives in the groom, with the noise and hubbub of the tent comes and knocks on the door. The questions «What do you want? Who are you? «Answers metaphorically, for example:» From our yard heifer went, people saw that you went to and stayed … «. And so three times, the last time is a name and maiden name of the bride. The groom’s side three excuses. The bride begins to storm the gates. Here they go up and down and the bride (if there are children, then the child) under the word friends, for example:
Make way, honest people, bogatyrnitsa goes!
Not only she is on hand is a child (or, for a child is).
The bride bows low to representatives of their hand and said:
Hello, my dear! Here there is no (name and maiden name), I am now (husband’s name). The gods have blessed us and brought his son (daughter)! If the name of women has not changed, the same thought came to convey other words.
The bride asks: «Is there Intermedia you love? And if you have blessed gods and magicians to temple? «- Appropriate responses approached the bride and groom. The parties agree to play a wedding. Further joint preparation for the wedding party in the camp of residence couples.
1) washing.
2) Combing.
3) The gift of shoes and clothing.
4) Blessing churami and caravans.
5) Train at temple.
A description of these rituals above in the variant «A couple at the time of marriage, lives alone.»
Part II. The wedding at the temple
II.1. Pass over the bridge. On the way to the temple before the bridge being built (wood, stone, or at least — of cloth spread out).
Because of the mountains, hills, high mountains,
Because of the forest, dark forest
Flying winds boisterous,
Fought off the white swan
What the flock lebedinyya,
Nailing a white swan
That by the geese, gray duck.
That is not a swan — beautiful maiden,
That’s not the geese, ducks sulfur —
Then the bride and her entourage.
Rasspalilsya Fire-priest,
Splashed water-mother,
Blow the trumpet brass —
Yes ryazheny are narrowed,
Go over the bridge to the temple,
Good riddance creeps! (3; № № 267, 268).
II.2. Karavayny ceremony. Magi trays loaves bride and groom, with the corresponding words are cut in half. One part of the loaf groom fold and tie a half loaf bride and bring the Gods. The remaining part is divided among those present on the right temple, or do it at a feast.
II.3. Plea young. After the word young sorcerer give each other vows of love and fidelity.
II.4. Betrothal. Matchmaker or a bridesmaid brings in a dish and towel ring. Word of the priest. Young wear each other rings to the singing or recitation of girls:
Among Svarga rings constrained,
The bright Ire gilded
On the ground, a magician evaluated.
Those who wear the rings?
Prince knyaginyushkoy with bright,
(The name of the groom) and (bride’s name),
(Middle groom) with (first name bride) (1; № 486).
If the exchange of rings has occurred before, during the ceremony of «Frets on the Water», this item is skipped.
II.5. Laying wreaths on the heads of the bride and groom. Magus is crowned with metal hoops over a pair of floral wreaths.
Svarog is out of the forge,
Svarog carries three hammer
Svarog-smith skuy our crown!
The marriage bonds, beautiful and new,
Zlata rings for fidelity,
In dobavochku and bulavochku.
So that is the crown venchatisya,
Signet obruchatisya,
The pins povoy stick! (1; № 98).
II.6. Stealing a triple bypass. Tie the hands of the young sorcerer wedding towel and holding the ends, leads a couple sneaking around.
II.7. Getting up on towel. Matchmaker spreads on the ground towel, which faces the young. Edifying and congratulatory word magician. Possible imposition of the yoke on the young sorcerer during speech as a symbol of su-pruzhestva, that is the way forward «in a harness,» warning that the common life — hard work.
Priority Action temple can be changed, you can add other rituals.
II.8. Loose young corn poppy, hops on the output temple, under the general rejoicing.
II.9. Train stations in the groom (if the peer would have it) or the camp bride (if the peer would have it).
Part III. Poslevenchalnye rites
At each point of this part of the wedding possible shedding of young corn poppy, hops, coins, flower petals.
III.1. Meeting of young at the threshold with bread and honey planted parents. Young people do not take into the hands of the caravan, but break off a piece and dipped in honey, taste. Tent door first, followed planted parents. Loaf assistants are allocated to a common table. Blessing churami home.
III.2. The invitation to the banquet. Posad. Planted parents spend on the first one so young, put them on the skin of fur on the outside, and then three times loudly invite all ride and guests. Everyone is waiting for triple invitation, and then sit on an agreed order. Rite «Plant» can be performed in the past, for example, blessing the bride and groom parents planted before going to temple.
III.3. Feast. Young people do not eat or drink, sit up straight, hands on knees, as if frozen and downcast eyes. It is not «false modesty», but ritual behavior, which has the goal is not «spill» vain grace, blessings of the Gods, received at temple in the sacrament wedding necessary for the proper conduct rite «marriage bed», after whose young behave at the table more easily .
a) Funeral exclamation. «Bitter» — screaming guests to meet the young: «Give way!», Guests kiss, followed by the young, rising. «Bear in the corner» — continue to exclaim guests, young stands and says, «(name of husband) love you» and kisses risen spouse.
b) Sazhanie lap child bride to stimulate births, depending on the desire — a boy or a girl, or both.
c) Removal of porridge to the song — a hint: the pair’s time to retire.
Cook something cooked porridge,
Whorls are moving,
She endured porridge on the table,
Against Duke it becomes.
We went to the porridge kolupane,
Duke and Duchess went to embracing,
You Knyaginyushka not ashamed
You come to Duke, then leaned against.
A young and we visited,
And we hems bent,
The key is removed from the ports,
And we unlock the box! (1, p. 641).
d) Drinking «shame» or «chesnovitok» (bride’s guardian.)
Groom served mortar with pestle and garlic attached, it crushes garlic, pours milk and gives the bride a drink (12, Volume 2, p. 289), the words Guests
Rides for sable marten,
String, string,
What caught under himself pressed!
After that the young leave, «the basement» (marriage bed).
With the departure of the pair singing obscene songs, guests, intentionally joking.
III.4. Bridal bed. The bride and groom with a matchmaker and best man retreated to a specially prepared place for sentences of guests:
— Young went to sleep, let us pray to the gods,
Forest in a blanket to his feet moving!
— Get up skirts, take off one’s shoes, toupee!
— A young, do not be afraid, do not iron nail not pierce through!
— There was a duck on proulochku, bumped falcon ruffled crest!
— The ice is cracking, water dripping, I do not know how anyone, but I want to! (2, p. 310-313.)
— Here’s girlfriend went to get married and not married cherish,
Remade into a woman and «thank you» will not give!
a) Chicken. Matchmaker presents a pair of fried dish (cooked) chicken. Young breaking her legs, whose piece more, that in the family the highway.
b) «Warming bed.» While the bride and groom eat chicken, matchmaker and boyfriend «warm bed» that is lying on it, and then go out, carrying the remains of a meal, but stay close «murder» of the young. Intimacy of the ritual is not necessary, because in many local traditions it is banned for three nights, and in the other is required.
c) Razuvanie. RAZUVAEV groom bride, the groom and the bride, the shoes can be nested objects — wishes to take off one’s shoes (coins for a rich life, the red thread or ribbon for undying love, etc., up to the whips. Most folklore collections we find a description of the bride transferred found in the removed boot whip groom, but the symbolic (or real) pohlestyval bride. Yet researchers interpret the symbolism of this act the same way: as a symbol of the power of the husband over his wife. However, it is not so simple and straightforward. whip is a tool and weapon attribute male, and really a symbol of power, but finding the symbol of power and transfer to another person in the ritual means finding and transfer of power itself, or at least consent to share it. Probably in the early period of the ritual razuvaniya to his «petrified» in the Middle Ages, the bride had the right to dispose of a whip found on your own, such as Brunhild, which showed her husband on their wedding night, «who is the boss.» At present, such passion is not very relevant, now husband and wife are equal a priori, and found whip bride can be treated more lightly, as a hint of the groom on S & M, for example.
In some local traditions of the South Slavs bride RAZUVAEV-law on the threshold of his house, meeting after the wedding. Keeping in mind the erotic bosoty, dismiss this option rite razuvaniya as unacceptable interference mother now lives in an intimate honeymoon.
III.5. «Buzhenie young.» After some time, the matchmaker and boyfriend banging young under appeal:
No time to sleep, time to get up, it’s time for revenge chamber, the dirt on the street carry.
Young leave. My husband asked: Ice broken, or fallen into a hole? He responds to the circumstances of the moment is not, but personal history dating.
a) Beating pots (if the action takes place in nature — is prepared in advance stone to smash the pot on the ground wonder), with sentences, how many pieces, as son as the fragments, as ditenka!
b) If possible — shooting (fireworks).
c) Challenges. Ask a bride, if she lives with her husband, or her husband, if he lives with his wife. This may be fetching water from the river in a sieve, sweeping debris mixed with the money to be collected, and more. This ceremony can be dated to the end of the feast.
Matchmaker and boyfriend lead pair at the table under the general rejoicing.
III.6. Combing the young and young married woman povoy. Young put the table on the skin and covered by guests stretched towel or dress. Since they shoot wedding crowns and wreaths, and two women, matchmaker and godmother comb young under sentences:
Since you Russ, Russ kudertsa adjacent to a white person you are,
Adjacent to the party, get used to the crown.
Get used to it, we (wife’s name), to the good sense (the husband), to custom, to the family.
Since you Russ, Russ kudertsa adjacent to a white person you are,
Adjacent to the party, get used to the crown.
Get used to it, (the husband), to the good sense (the name of his wife), to custom, to the family (3; № № 131, 138).
When finished scratching that guests will know by the end of the above songs, guests singing matchmaker, which continues the ritual behind the curtain:
Matchmaker, turnip, midwife tight! — I do not turnip, povyu hard!
Matchmaker-grouse, a midwife now! — I do not grouse, I povyu now!
Matchmaker-bl .. ka, scratch smoothly! — I do not bl .. ka, I’m scratching smoothly!
Matchmakers say:
Povila Molodushka I became like a toy, but you will not show you!
Brushed young, you have not seen this, and you do not show you!
Do not give gold, do not show the young! Guests are given a ransom of young show (2, p. 308).
Crowns towel to take a toll on temple, and wreaths are young and they have been treated in different ways to keep a shrine guardian (they can treat future children) or at the end of the wedding thrown across the back of the crowd of idle youth, «whom God send «- who is caught, he will soon marry.
III.7. «Council and love.» After rotation matchmaker or boyfriend, who is behind the young people at the table, took them by the shoulders and says:
Brought their gods for a single table,
The gods told them one of bread and salt to eat,
The gods told them to speak one language! (2, p. 305).
And bob (‘fit’) of young heads against each other with the words: Council and love!
III.8. Feast. Continuation of the feast, now young eat, drink and chat with the guests.
a) Gifts of the young. Young guests are given an authentic wedding gifts under relevant comments such as: I will make the beer, to live beautifully, bestow hare, so were the kids, then followed by other gifts (gifts of authentic list below).
b) Tsmok (Serpent). In the midst of the feast is a mummer «Tsmok» which starts hugging, add alcohol and «palaver» of the young, while making ambiguous hints young. His goal — to survive the young from his seat and sit next to his wife. If the husband did not cope with the task, brazen Tsmoka vzashey boyfriend drives or all of the groom’s party. Guests observe the behavior of young (and husband and wife), draw conclusions and discuss the predictions of their life together.
c) Ritual fighting («fight ordered?»). Judged by the results of that from which side to wait for a new marriage.
d) Skakanie the shops (before it failed) at the end of a feast under the rollicking songs.
III.9. Otdarki. Over half of young visits to each guest with otdarkami.
III.10. In the first year of marriage — required honoring Young on Shrove Tuesday — the rite of «Gunpowder on the lips.» All bridal couples go in a circle and shout at the other participants: «Gunpowder on the lips», «Show me how you lyubites!» Etc. — The couple kissing and cuddling («wash powder»). Rite stimulates producing forces of Nature.
Additional text to the rites
Karavaynaya
The song is accompanied by actions that are well described in the Polish tale: «… my aunt Radunia with assistants karavaynitsami-knead loaf. They knead the dough, and do dance, singing songs, laughing, joking. Because there is a sign: if fun caravans trough, if happily caravan in the oven — the whole life of the young in the joy and fun pass «(16, p. 224).
Currency, currency, cheese loaf, with a right hand to the left,
With his left hand on the right, on the golden trays,
The golden trays, on a silver platter.
Loaf on the bench got.
Loaf on the bench went
Loaf on the stove got,
Loaf from oven tears
Loaf on a shovel villages
Loaf in the oven looks!
Pekis, pekis, cheese loaf
Fight, fight, cheese loaf
Above Oak Dubova
Shire stone oven! (2, p. 285, 286).
Washing the bride
Melt baenka,
Stove glowed,
Posogrelasya spring water,
Broom silk steam out! (2, s.279)
Hovering, hovering, broom hit,
Bath, Bath porasparit and zhenishok you Nayarit (2, p. 280).
You’re long in the bath parilas, but not many are paired with themselves,
And washed off, the girl herself will her maiden! (3; № 483).
Bath white, white bath, bath — white ceiling.
Near the stove stood hovering your topknot.
Oh, wash up, Usok, to wash, Usok,
You soon Usok, give a piece of meat (8, p. 147).
The charges groom (the action of the text)
Oh early, early (name of groom) got up,
Get up early, three candles are lit,
The first lit as washing,
Friend lit as shoes,
Third fuse,
As the yard out,
Went out into the yard, horses saddled,
We leave the beautiful maiden (6, p. 368-369).
Washing the groom. Can be played the same songs as in the women’s ceremonies, but converted according to the situation (and vice versa):
Sup, sup, sup, silver Voditsa,
Vodice is on the throne, the capital,
On the capital good fellow —
Silk kuderki, shoulders, fists are strong,
Golden hands on ramen (forearm),
Silver feet on the knee! (4, v. 1, p. 44. Serbia).
Riddles
Guess representatives of the groom:
Grew, grew, so grew up, got out of shtanikov,
Since the end of dickhead, people come in handy. (Kukuruza.)
Mokhnatko hangs in Mokhnatko smoothly and in a smooth sweet. (Hazel).
Conspiracy to protect marriage bed room unit
Felled vystruzhu distant arrows
Shoot black thoughts, other people’s thoughts
From this place to the shifting bog, the mud black
Do not come to this place, no bad luck, no lesson!
As the finger unnamed no name
And shall have no villains nor energy nor time
Come here, cause harm.
Key and lock my words.
Glorification many to take a walk to the groom and beautiful bride
Bust, Mesyachek, too much!
All Stars has touched,
One star chose,
Though she is little,
Yes most Yasnenko,
Between all znachnenkaya Stars! (4, t 1, p. 41).
Glorification of the groom or the bachelor guy (probably acting out the plot)
Do not spill my quiet Danube
Not potoplyay its green meadows!
In those luzhochkah goes deer
Deer walks — golden horns;
Here goes past the brave fellow.
— I thee, deer, shoot a gun!
— Do not hit, do not shoot, dashing fellow,
In a while I’ll sgozhus:
Become married, the wedding will come,
New canopy osvechu horns,
The new parlor itself poplyashu,
All guests vzveselyu, more than all your bride. (10, p. 191, № 331). «Deer» is dancing with the candlestick with candles on her head.
The end of any glorification of the bridegroom
Prince song we sing,
Prince honor salute!
Award-ka us a gift —
Sweet carrot, white sugar! (10, p. 62, № 116).
Authentic wedding gifts (with marital symbolism)
Capacity with lock, lockable (chests, boxes, boxes, suitcases, etc.) (12, Volume 2, p. 209).
Apple, studded with coins (12, Volume 2, p. 164).
Beer, any intoxicating beverages.
Bulls, cows, goats and rabbits — live or images.
Scattering of small objects (money, nuts, peas, corn, candy, jewelry, seeds).
Dolls — «that the children were» (15, p. 27-31).
Spoon or two related spoon, or a set of spoons (no knives and forks) (15, p. 130).
Wards of bundles of onions and garlic (15, p. 141-142).
Ritual feast
All dishes must be sweet or spicy.
Set of dishes from chicken (boiled, fried, chicken noodle, cake «Kurnik») — provided the bride’s virginity to a meeting with the bride — and manipulation of these dishes (spinning, divination by Lohmann, flipping, back and forth over his shoulder, etc. ). Otherwise such dishes is much smaller and they are not the «center» of rituals.
Porridge archaic products (peas, millet, lentils).
Baking with the symbol of abundance (animals, plants, tools).
Traditional intoxicating beverages.
Large and multi-vegetables and fruits (melons, pumpkins, grapes, bananas, bunches of sweet peppers and onions, tomatoes and berries on branches). Opponents of tomatoes and bananas to emphasize the importance of abundance, rather than specific types of vegetables and fruits. «Peas yes turnips — an enviable business» wedding table with dishes typical of them to the first centuries AD, but we are living in the twenty-first, and the idea of abundance emphasize what we have at the moment.