Psychological readiness for school — it’s like a snowman. All have heard about it. Everyone knows that this is something important thing, which is checked by psychologists some tricky tests. About her and then say in the coolest schools and high schools, but what is it, really no one is.
But with all the arithmetic or reading much easier — to read and write are now taken straight from the cradle. And if for some ridiculous accident to five or six years baby have not learned, over the front of the school year he was easily teach it tricks on any courses to prepare for school or kindergarten.
How is it to be a psychologist? What is the mysterious psychological readiness for school, whether it specifically do? Or maybe she’s a child for a long time there, and we did not know?
Psychologists have found four types of psychological readiness for school.
Personality-social readiness
Personality-social readiness lies in the fact that the child at the time of admission to the school is ready to dialogue, cooperation — as with adults and peers.
In fact, the current first-graders do not always know how to do it. Particularly difficult for them to perform tasks that require joint efforts and close contact with each other. The most common symptom of this is expressed at the «home» of children who have never attended kindergarten — these kids razrulivaniya minimum experience in conflict situations, the adoption of joint decisions.
It is easy if your child comes in contact with other children and adults? Not too often you take over its functions? For example, when a psychologist asks a future first-grader, his name, mother readily responds: «We are called Sasha.»
The child at the time of school entry should be sufficiently varied experience in dealing with strangers. Give himself to establish contacts with others in the clinic, on the playground, at the store, etc.
«Home» children are often afraid of large crowds. To tell the truth, and not all adults in the crowd comfortable. But do not forget that your child will have to live in a group, and so sometimes try to get out on some trips, take the child to the station or to the airport — it is the experience of «survival of the crowd.»
Emotional and volitional readiness
«But I will not, because it is not interesting (too easy, or, conversely, too hard)!». Why baby, who worked brilliantly to the school with a private tutor, at times gets deeply frustrated by the school?
Of course, there is a lot depends on the teacher, and the system of education, which, unfortunately, leaves much to be desired and is designed for the average student. But it’s not only that.
After classes for preschoolers and these lessons — are different things. If first — first of all, the game (otherwise simply does not work, any normal preschooler, if he is not super-prodigy would not prefer a lesson in the game), the second — it is the system of education. And often it’s learning will be fun and exciting. It is therefore very important sign of readiness for school — not only do what I want, but what you need, do not be afraid of difficulties, resolve their own.
Ironically, these qualities will help to develop again game. Only a special game — according to the rules (from primitive «hodilok» Dice to chess, «Memory», dominoes, etc.). After all, these games teach safely wait for your turn, lose with dignity, build their strategy and at the same time take into account the ever-changing circumstances, etc.
It is useful if the child gets used to the change in advance of activity — for example, the quiet work at the table will alternate with outdoor games (this is especially important for the excitable, moving children). So it will be easier to hold back the urge to get up and run around the middle class, because they will know that this is a special «tumultuous time.»
Intellectual readiness
We are not talking about the notorious ability to read and write, but about something more: how a child’s brain is ready to intellectual work. This ability to think, analyze, draw conclusions.
Analytical thinking (the ability to compare and generalize) already beginning to develop from infancy — since that happy time when your baby with interest thundered different rattles, listening to their sound, as well as trying to figure out why the ball rolls down the hills well, and why the cube -it refuses to do so.
If you did not put the interest of the young research scientist, then surely by the time they start school unable to understand him a lot from the experience. Teach your son or daughter or to search for answers to their endless «why» and «» what would happen if … «, to build a cause-and-effect relationships — in short, an active interest in the world around them.
Motivational readiness
By the time they start school the child should be formed a positive attitude:
- to school;
- the teacher;
- to educational activities;
- to himself.
Often the elders have time to inspire future student the idea that the school waiting for him nothing but trouble — two, strict teachers, etc. Try to dispel this myth and set the baby on the success. At the same time, he has to understand that the school is not only a way strewn with roses, and just like that, or even for every little thing there is to praise it no one will.
If the child is accustomed to the constant praise and approval of the home, try to teach him to be more self-praise is not for every step, and for the finished result. Praising and scolding her treasure, do not go to the individual — Evaluate the act, not the child.
It turns out that the psychological readiness for school — it’s all pre-school life. But even a few months before the school can be something as necessary to correct and help future first quietly and joyfully enter into a new world.
Inessa Smyk